士
Meanings
CC-CEDICT
- 1.member of the senior ministerial class (old)
- 2.scholar (old)
- 3.bachelor
- 4.honorific
- 5.soldier
- 6.noncommissioned officer
- 7.specialist worker
- 1.surname Shi
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Wiktionary
- 1.unmarried male; bachelor
- 2.man
- 3.general; high-ranking military officer
- 4.soldier; noncommissioned officer
- 5.scholar-official (civil servant appointed by the emperor of China to perform day-to-day governance)
- 6.self-appellation used by scholar-officials in ancient China, when addressing the emperor: I; subject
- 7.a social stratum in ancient China
- 8.scholar; academic; intellectual; intelligentsia
- 9.suffix for a virtuous, knowledgeable or skilled person: commendable person
- 10.adviser; guard; minister: 🩨 (usually only on the black side, in some sets on both red and black sides)
- 11.a surname
- 12.Cantonese opera gongche notation for the note low la (6̣).
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Etymology
Pictogram (象形) – a war axe. Later, it took the meaning of "soldier" and eventually "officer, intellectual". Partly related to 王 since in at least two characters it should represent a ritual axe, perhaps made of jade: in fact, it is related to 圭 and 金 despite their appearance. ;"bachelor, man, male" :*Reminiscent of Austroasiatic synonyms like Old Khmer si (“male”) or MK words for "man, male" like *ʔŋsiil, *ensir, *kəsəy on the Malay Peninsula; Schuessler (2007) noted that foreign *-r sometimes left traces in OC initial complex. These relations, if, valid, would keep 士₁ "bachelor, man, male" distinct from 士₂ "servant, retainer, officer, scholar". ;"take or give an office, serve", "servant", "retainer", "officer", "scholar" :*Schuessler (2007) noted that one could naturally assume the semantic development "male > man > servant > to serve" in order to posit that 士₁ "bachelor, man, male" is the same word as 士₂ "servant, retainer, officer, scholar". Yet, the exopassive derivation 事 (OC *ʔsrɯs, *zrɯs) "assignment, affair, thing" and Tibeto-Burman counterparts demonstrated no association with "man, maleness"; & "male" hardly derives from "to serve". :*Therefore, Schuessler derived these forms from 理 (OC *rɯʔ) "envoy, jail official, matchmaker" & proposed ultimate Austroasiatic origins. In terms of phonology, MC *dʐ- normally does not occur with *l- and *ʂ in an ST word-family, apparently confirming a non-ST provenance; however, MC *dʐ- here could go back to OC *s-r- (unlike MC *ʂ-, which is from OC *sr) :*Subsequently, Schuessler posited either relation to Austroasiatic or OC loan into Tibeto-Burman as Proto-Tibeto-Burman *ʔ-dzəj (“send on an errant”) (Matisoff, 2003), whence Burmese စာ (ca, “thing”) & Tibetan རྫས (rdzas, “thing, matter, object”) (Gong, 1999). Even so, Tibeto-Burman cognates of this etymon and 所 (suǒ) are difficult to distinguish.
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Stroke order
Components
Components from cjk-decomp · MIT
Example sentences
護士們都很和善。
The nurses are very nice.
倫敦在泰唔士河旁。
London is on the Thames.
騎士宣誓效忠於國王。
The knight swore an oath of allegiance to the king.
我能跟護士長說話嗎?
Can I speak to the head nurse?
他經常引用莎士比亞。
He often quotes from Shakespeare.
一個護士量了我的體溫。
A nurse took my temperature.
Sentences from Tatoeba · CC-BY 2.0 FR
More examples & usage (AI)
Synonyms
Wiktionary · CC BY-SA
Derived terms
Wiktionary · CC BY-SA